WHAT IS PSYCHOANALYSIS?
Psychoanalysis is, at its core, an in-depth understanding of one’s own psyche, similar to the Australian Aboriginal (original) art of Tjukurpa – the “source of knowledge,” which uses mysterious symbols and images to depict ancient stories and map spiritual journeys. Similarly, psychoanalysis reveals the hidden meanings of our dreams and unconscious psychological processes. Aboriginal paintings protect sacred stories by encoding them in dots, hidden from the uninitiated eyes – just as our psyche conceals certain meanings from our consciousness. A patient observer gradually uncovers the hidden image, just as psychoanalysis uncovers layers of the unconscious until it reveals a deeper meaning. This process of transformation, like Aboriginal paintings, not only illuminates the past but helps understand the present and connects it with the future.
Founded by Sigmund Freud, psychoanalysis was the first systematic approach to studying unconscious processes. While Freud’s ideas have undergone critical development, his work initiated interdisciplinary research into the human mind. Modern clinical and empirical studies have refined, adjusted, and expanded his hypotheses. Research indicates that psychoanalysis and psychotherapy can lead to measurable changes in the brain, as confirmed by neuroimaging techniques (fMRI, PET, SPECT).
Among psychotherapeutic methods, psychoanalysis reaches the deepest layers of the psyche [1, 2]. It does not only examine surface-level symptoms but also their causes, thereby supporting long-term personality transformations. Its effects are deeper, more resilient, and longer-lasting compared to other methods, with clients often experiencing psychological resilience and deeper self-awareness long after the therapy has ended [3-6]. Clients often speak of greater inner freedom, deeper self-awareness, and a more meaningful experience of life – effects that continue to “live” in clients even after therapy has ended [1, 2, 7]
Psychoanalysis played a key role in the development of psychotherapy and has influenced many modern therapeutic approaches, including dynamic, humanistic, and cognitive-behavioral therapies. Its concepts, such as the unconscious, defense mechanisms, and transference, also impact other fields, such as psychology, neuroscience, sociology, ethnology, as well as literature and cultural studies [8, 9].
PSYCHOANALYSIS AND ITS METHODS
There are several methods of psychoanalysis:
- Classical psychoanalysis (3 to 5 sessions per week, conducted while lying down)
- Long-term or short-term psychoanalytic psychotherapy (1 to 2 sessions per week)
- Group psychoanalytic therapy (1 to 2 sessions per week)
- Crisis intervention (intensive short-term support in challenging situations) [10, 11]
Every individual is unique, so it is crucial to find the approach that best suits them. If you wish to determine which form of therapy would be most beneficial for you, I am happy to discuss it with you in an initial session.
WHO IS PSYCHOANALYSIS OR PSYCHOANALYTIC PSYCHOTHERAPY SUITABLE FOR?
Psychoanalysis is suitable for people of all ages who seek a deeper understanding of themselves and their relationships [12-14]. It is an ideal choice for those who wish to engage in personal development and comprehend hidden emotional patterns, inner conflicts, and mechanisms influencing their lives, often without their conscious awareness [15]. These patterns can be deeply rooted in the unconscious, requiring systematic and introspective work to recognize, accept, and understand them.
Psychoanalytic therapy provides an in-depth exploration of psychological mechanisms. It is particularly suited for individuals struggling with long-term emotional difficulties such as chronic depression, anxiety, exhaustion, or recurring relational problems. It can be especially helpful for addressing deeply rooted difficulties that manifest in relationships or work (e.g., borderline and narcissistic traits), as it facilitates the identification and reworking of ingrained behavioral patterns that often originate in early childhood.
WHAT MAKES PSYCHOANALYSIS DIFFERENT FROM OTHER APPROACHES?
Unlike methods such as EMDR or intensive short-term therapies (which I also offer), or cognitive-behavioral therapy, which can be effective in processing specific issues, traumatic experiences, or emotional blocks, psychoanalysis offers a broader and deeper insight into the psyche. Its goal is not just to eliminate symptoms, but also to provide long-term understanding and transformation of the psychological processes that cause these symptoms.
Psychoanalysis distinguishes itself from other therapies by exploring not only conscious and subconscious experiences, but also unconscious fantasies, internal conflicts, desires, and internalized notions of oneself, others, and relationships, which shape our behavior and identity. This approach is not just an analysis of the present and the past, but also a deep process of feeling and understanding why we repeatedly behave in certain ways, even when we do not consciously wish to or are unaware of it.
Although clients may intellectually understand their behavioral patterns, the deeper and more lasting changes are more likely to occur when they emotionally experience, understand and process these internal conflicts. Unlike other therapies, psychoanalysis focuses on the deeper layers of the psyche and unconscious processes that influence our experiences and relationships, even when they are not directly related to specific traumatic events.
While other approaches may provide quicker relief from specific issues, psychoanalysis is intended for those who are seeking a deeper, more complex, and more lasting effect. It helps us better understand our behavioral patterns, emotional responses, and their impact on our lives, thus creating space for long-term personal growth.
WHAT IS PSYCHOANALYTIC COACHING (PC)?
PC consists of regular sessions dedicated to a specific problem or theme. Solutions are developed, and unconscious blocks to creativity and productivity are processed and overcome using psychoanalytic methods. Psychoanalytic coaching is also suitable for managers and organizational leaders who wish to gain new insights or create new strategies to meet individual needs or manage specific situations [16].
WHAT IS PSYCHOANALYTIC CONSULTING FOR ORGANIZATIONS (PCO)?
Groups, teams, and organizations may also experience challenges that hinder their effectiveness. The goal of PCO is to identify and overcome these hidden obstacles and help organizations optimally utilize their resources to fulfill their missions. Organizations can gain deeper insights into their dynamics and discover internal resources to overcome crises or difficult situations [17, 18].
WHAT ARE THE MAIN GOALS OF PSYCHOANALYSIS AND ITS METHODS?
Relationships – Love and Sexuality
Enhancing the capacity to love and freeing one’s sexuality are central goals of psychoanalysis. A fulfilling sexual and loving life requires both emotional and physical connection. Psychoanalysis and psychoanalytic psychotherapy help individuals recognize unconscious conflicts and develop the ability to experience love and sexuality, fostering satisfying and meaningful relationships with partners.
Zest for Life – Work, Community, and Hobbies
A zest for life is fundamental to mental health. Psychoanalysis and psychoanalytic psychotherapy help restore a blocked and isolated connection to the unconscious. As a result, our inner wealth becomes accessible again, serving as a resource for change, spontaneity, creativity, and productivity.
This renewal often manifests in the ability to find meaning in work, engage in community life, and cultivate interests or hobbies. Work provides opportunities for self-fulfillment, community fosters a sense of belonging and support, and hobbies help us rediscover joy and creativity in everyday life. Together, these elements form key pillars of a satisfying and balanced life [2, 19-28].
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